【人工智能I】知识表示实验
知识表示实验猴子摘香蕉问题问题描述实验代码简单动物识别系统的产生式表示问题描述实验代码猴子摘香蕉问题问题描述实验代码方法1：#include<stdio.h>#include<iostream>using namespace std;int banana(int a,int c,int b){int i;if(a!=b){if(a<b){cout<<"猴子
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猴子摘香蕉问题
问题描述
实验代码
方法1：
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int banana(int a,int c,int b){
int i;
if(a!=b){
if(a<b){
cout<<"猴子在箱子左边，它向右走"<<b-a<<"步，已到达箱子旁"<<endl;
}
else if(a>b){
cout<<"猴子在箱子右边，它向左走"<<a-b<<"步，已到达箱子旁"<<endl;
}
a=b;
}
else if(a==b){
cout<<"猴子就在箱子旁"<<endl;
}
if(b!=c){
if(b<c){
cout<<"猴子和箱子在香蕉的左下方，它推着箱子向右走"<<c-b<<"步,已到达香蕉下方"<<endl;
}
if(c<b){
cout<<"猴子和箱子在香蕉的右下方，它推着箱子向左走"<<b-c<<"步,已到达香蕉下方"<<endl;
}
b=c;
a=c;
}
else if(b==c){
cout<<"猴子和箱子就在香蕉正下方"<<endl;
}
if(a==c&&b==c){
cout<<"猴子爬上箱子,成功摘到香蕉！"<<endl;
}
}
int main(){
int a,c,b;//a=猴子目前位置，c=香蕉对应地面位置，b=箱子目前位置
cout<<"请输入猴子当前在地面的位置：";
cin>>a;
cout<<"请输入香蕉对应地面的位置：";
cin>>c;
cout<<"请输入箱子位置：";
cin>>b;
banana(a,c,b);
return 0;
}
方法2：
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct State{
int monkey;//-1,Monkey at A;0,Monkey at C;1,Monkey at B
int box;//-1,box at A;0,box at C;1,box at B
int banana;//Banana at C,Banana=0
int monbox;//-1,monkey on the box;1:monkey not on the bo
};
struct State States[150];
string routesave[150];
//monkeygoto,it makes the monkey goto the other place
void monkeygoto(int b,int i){
int a=b;
if(a == -1){
routesave[i]="Monkey go to A";
States[i+1]=States[i];
States[i+1].monkey= -1;
}
else if(a == 0){
routesave[i]="Monkey go to C";
States[i+1]=States[i];
States[i+1].monkey = 0;
}
else if(a == 1){
routesave[i]="Monkey go to B";
States[i+1]=States[i];
States[i+1].monkey = 1;
}
else printf("parameter is wrong");
}
//the monkey move the box to the other place
void movebox(int a,int i){
int B = a;
if(B == -1){
routesave[i] = "Monkey moves the box to A";
States[i+1] = States[i];
States[i+1].monkey = -1;
States[i+1].box = -1;
}else if(B == 0){
routesave[i] = "Monkey moves the box to C";
States[i+1] = States[i];
States[i+1].monkey = 0;
States[i+1].box = 0;
}else if(B == 1){
routesave[i] = "Monkey moves the box to B";
States[i+1] = States[i];
States[i+1].monkey = 1;
States[i+1].box = 1;
}else{
printf("parameter is wrong");
}
}
//the monkey climb onto the box
void climbonto(int i)
{
routesave[i] = "Monkey climb onto the box";
States[i + 1] = States[i];
States[i + 1].monbox = 1;
}
//monkey climb down from the box
void climbdown(int i)
{
routesave[i] = "Monkey climb down from the box";
States[i + 1] = States[i];
States[i + 1].monbox = -1;
}
//if the monkey,box,and banana are at the same place,the monkey reach banana
void reach(int i)
{
routesave[i] = "Monkey reach the banana";
}
//output the solution to the problem
void showSolution(int i)
{
int c;
cout<<"Result to problem:"<<endl;
for (c = 0; c < i + 1; c++)
{
cout<<"Step"<< c + 1<<":" <<routesave[c]<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
}
//perform next step
void nextStep(int i)
{
int c,j;
if (i >= 150)
{
cout << "steplength reached 150,have problem " << endl;
return;
}
for (c = 0; c < i; c++)
{
//if the current state is same to previous,retrospect
if (States[c].monkey == States[i].monkey&&States[c].box == States[i].box&&States[c].banana == States[i].banana&&States[c].monbox == States[i].monbox)
{
return;
}
}
//if the box,the monkey,the banana at the same place,in the meantime,the monkey on the box .the monkey can reach the banana
if (States[i].monbox == 1 && States[i].monkey == States[0].banana && States[i].banana == States[0].banana && States[i].box == States[0].banana)
{
showSolution(i);
cout << "Press any key to continue " << endl;
return;
}
j = i + 1;
//if the box,the monkey,the banana at the same place,but the monkey is not on the box,then climb it
if (States[i].box == States[i].monkey&&States[i].box == States[i].banana)
{
if (States[i].monbox == -1)
{
climbonto(i);
reach(i + 1);
nextStep(j);
}
else
{
reach(i + 1);
nextStep(j);
}
}
//if the three things are not in the same place
else if (States[i].box == States[i].monkey&&States[i].box != States[i].banana)
{
if (States[i].monbox == -1)
{
movebox(States[i].banana, i);
nextStep(j);
}
else
{
climbdown(i);
nextStep(j);
}
}
else if (States[i].box != States[i].monkey&&States[i].box == States[i].banana)
{
monkeygoto(States[i].box, i);
nextStep(j);
}
else if (States[i].box != States[i].monkey&&States[i].box != States[i].banana)
{
monkeygoto(States[i].box, i);
nextStep(j);
}
}
int main()
{
cout << "初始位置：" << endl;
cout << "monkey(-1 or 0 or 1):";
cin>>States[0].monkey;
cout << "box(-1 or 0 or 1):";
cin >> States[0].box;
cout << "banana(-1 or 0 or 1):";
cin>>States[0].banana;
cout << "monbox(-1 or 1):";
cin>>States[0].monbox;
nextStep(0);
}
简单动物识别系统的产生式表示
问题描述
实验代码
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct RULES
{
int count;
char pre[255];
char back[255];
int mark;
};
void check();
RULES r[100] = {
{ 1,"有毛发","哺乳动物",0 }, //所有规则静态数据库
{ 1,"有奶","哺乳动物",0 },
{ 1,"有羽毛","鸟",0 },
{ 2,"会飞&下蛋&","鸟",0 },
{ 1,"吃肉","食肉动物",0 },
{ 3,"有锋利的牙齿&有爪&眼睛盯着前方&","食肉动物",0 },
{ 2,"哺乳动物&有蹄&","有蹄类哺乳动物",0 },
{ 2,"哺乳动物&反刍&","有偶蹄类哺乳动物",0 },
{ 4,"哺乳动物&食肉动物&黄褐色&有暗斑&","金钱豹",0 },
{ 4,"哺乳动物&食肉动物&黄褐色&黑色条纹&","老虎",0 },
{ 4,"有蹄类哺乳动物&有长脖子&有长腿&有暗斑&","长颈鹿",0 },
{ 2,"有蹄类哺乳动物&黑条纹&","斑马",0 },
{ 5,"鸟&不会飞&有长脖子&有长腿&黑白色&","鸵鸟",0 },
{ 4,"鸟&不会飞&会游泳&黑白色&","企鹅",0 },
{ 2,"鸟&会飞&","信天翁",0 },
};
int number;
int m;
int cat = 15;
int a;
int length; //输入的事实长度
string f[255]; //输入的事实数组
void result()
{
int i = 1, m = 0;
while (i != length + 1)
{
if (f[i] == "金钱豹")
{
cout << "该动物是金钱豹" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "老虎")
{
cout << "该动物是老虎" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "长颈鹿")
{
cout << "该动物是长颈鹿" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "斑马")
{
cout << "该动物是斑马" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "鸵鸟")
{
cout << "该动物是鸵鸟" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "企鹅")
{
cout << "该动物是企鹅" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
if (f[i] == "信天翁")
{
cout << "信天翁" << endl;
m = 1;
break;
}
else
i++;
}
if (m == 0)
cout << "没有符合的动物，请确认特征，重新输入" << endl;
}
int find_rule(int s) //查找规则库中是否还有可使用的规则
{
for (int i = 0; i <= 15; i++)
s = s*r[i].mark;
//cout<<"find_rule结果"<<s<<endl;
return s;
}
int compare1(RULES r) //当前提条件为1时
{
int j = 0, i = 1;
string str, str2;
str = r.pre;
while (i <= length)
{
if (f[i] == str)
{
str2 = r.back;
f[length + 1] = str2; //加入事实库
length++; //事实库的长度加1
r.mark = 1; //标记规则已使用过
break;
}
else
i++;
}
return r.mark;
}
int compare2(RULES r) //前提条件不为1
{
string b[10];
string str, str2;
int i, j = 1, num = 0;
int a = 0;
str = r.pre;
for (i = 0; i != 10; ++i) //转换数组
{
b[i] = "";
}
for (i = 0; i != str.length(); ++i)
{
if (str.at(i) != '&')
{
b[j] += str.at(i);
}
else
{
j++;
}
}
i = 1;
while (i <= r.count)
{
for (j = 1; j != length + 1; j++)
{
if (f[j] == b[i])
{
a += 1;
}
}
i++;
}
if (a == r.count)
{
str2 = r.back;
f[length + 1] = str2; //加入事实库
length++; //事实库的长度加1
r.mark = 1; //标记规则已使用过
}
return r.mark;
}
void idetify()
{
int i = 0, u = 0;
if (find_rule(u) == 0) //如果规则库中还有未使用的规则
{//cout<<"还有未使用的规则"<<endl;
int num = length;
while (i<16) //从第一条规则开始遍历
{
if (r[i].mark == 0) //如果该条规则未使用
{
if (r[i].count == 1) //该条规则前提数为1
{
u = compare1(r[i]);
if (u == 1)
r[i].mark = 1;
if (r[i].mark == 1)
{
cout << "使用规则" << i + 1;
cout << "且加入的新事实为" << r[i].back << endl;
}
}
else
{
u = compare2(r[i]);
if (u == 1)
r[i].mark = 1;
if (r[i].mark == 1)
{
cout << "使用规则" << i + 1;
cout << "且加入的新事实为" << r[i].back << endl;
}
}
}
if (i == 15)
{
if (num != length)
{
i = 0;
num = length;
}
else
i = 16;
}
else
{
i++;
}
}
}
else
{
cout << "所有的规则都已使用" << endl;
}
result();
}
/*主函数*/
int main()
{
cout << "进行动物识别" << endl;
int u = 0;
cout << "请输入动物的特征数" << endl;
cin >> length;
cout << "请输入动物的特征" << endl;
for (int i = 1; i <= length; i++)
cin >> f[i];
idetify();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
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