kubernetes-pod
·
pod
资源使用的方法
命令式
[root@master ~]# kubectl run webpod --image nginx:1.23 --port 80
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
webpod 1/1 Running 0 33s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl describe pods webpod
Name: webpod
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Service Account: default
Node: k8s-web1/172.25.254.10
Start Time: Sun, 29 Mar 2026 13:49:57 +0800
Labels: run=webpod
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 10.244.1.12
IPs:
IP: 10.244.1.12
Containers:
webpod:
Container ID: docker://09ceb0de1eec6b72f6787a4c5ed7d9a63d61c3d5238b08ebef64c190dcca7003
Image: nginx:1.23
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:a97a153152fcd6410bdf4fb64f5622ecf97a753f07dcc89dab14509d059736cf
Port: 80/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Sun, 29 Mar 2026 13:49:57 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-nqv4j (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
PodReadyToStartContainers True
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
kube-api-access-nqv4j:
Type: Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
TokenExpirationSeconds: 3607
ConfigMapName: kube-root-ca.crt
Optional: false
DownwardAPI: true
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 24s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/webpod to k8s-web1
Normal Pulled 24s kubelet spec.containers{webpod}: Container image "nginx:1.23" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod
Normal Created 24s kubelet spec.containers{webpod}: Container created
Normal Started 24s kubelet spec.containers{webpod}: Container started
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
webpod 1/1 Running 0 55s 10.244.1.12 k8s-web1 <none> <none>
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pods webpod
pod "webpod" deleted from default namespaceyaml文件方式
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create deployment test --image nginx:1.23 --replicas 1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > test.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# cat test.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: test
name: test
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: test
strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: test
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx:1.23
name: nginx
resources: {}
status: {}
#建立式
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create -f test.yml
deployment.apps/test created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-jj9k7 1/1 Running 0 3s
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f test.yml
deployment.apps "test" deleted from default namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
No resources found in default namespace.
#声明式
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f test.yml
deployment.apps/test created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-h6wc5 1/1 Running 0 3s
#注意建立只能建立不能更新，声明可以
[root@master ~]# vim test.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: test
name: test
spec:
replicas: 2 #只修改pod数量
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f test.yml
Error from server (AlreadyExists): error when creating "test.yml": deployments.apps "test" already exists
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f test.yml
deployment.apps/test configured
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-h6wc5 1/1 Running 0 63s
test-56f57db555-mf7j5 1/1 Running 0 4s资源类型
node
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready control-plane 20h v1.35.3
k8s-web1 Ready <none> 20h v1.35.3
k8s-web2 Ready <none> 20h v1.35.3
[root@master ~]# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl get namespaces
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 18h
kube-flannel Active 17h
kube-node-lease Active 18h
kube-public Active 18h
kube-system Active 18h
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-h6wc5 1/1 Running 0 2m22s
test-56f57db555-mf7j5 1/1 Running 0 83s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl -n kube-flannel get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-flannel-ds-cp5wm 1/1 Running 5 (21m ago) 20h
kube-flannel-ds-fjh8m 1/1 Running 2 (51m ago) 20h
kube-flannel-ds-pxlqj 1/1 Running 1 (4h35m ago) 20h
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create namespace hjw
namespace/hjw created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get namespaces
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 20h
hjw Active 3s
kube-flannel Active 20h
kube-node-lease Active 20h
kube-public Active 20h
kube-system Active 20h
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n hjw run testpod --image nginx:1.23
pod/testpod created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-h6wc5 1/1 Running 0 4m57s
test-56f57db555-mf7j5 1/1 Running 0 3m58s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n hjw
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
testpod 1/1 Running 0 26s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl -n hjw run testpod --image nginx:1.23
Error from server (AlreadyExists): pods "testpod" already exists
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl run testpod --image nginx:1.23
pod/testpod created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56f57db555-h6wc5 1/1 Running 0 6m24s
test-56f57db555-mf7j5 1/1 Running 0 5m25s
testpod 1/1 Running 0 14s
[root@K8S-master ~]#
kubectl命令
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get deployments.apps
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
test 2/2 2 2 7m49s
root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56848fd9dc-9sw95 1/1 Running 0 37m
test-56848fd9dc-cxtnp 1/1 Running 0 40m
[root@master ~]# kubectl edit deployments.apps test
.....
replicas: 4
.....
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56848fd9dc-9sw95 1/1 Running 0 39m
test-56848fd9dc-cxtnp 1/1 Running 0 41m
test-56848fd9dc-kdm4h 1/1 Running 0 28s
test-56848fd9dc-lmpdt 1/1 Running 0 28s
[root@master ~]# kubectl patch deployments.apps test -p '{"spec":{"replicas":1}}'
deployment.apps/test patched
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-56848fd9dc-9sw95 1/1 Running 0 42m
#端口暴漏
[root@master ~]# kubectl expose deployment test --port 80 --target-port 80
service/test exposed
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe service test
Name: test
Namespace: default
Labels: app=test
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=test
Type: ClusterIP
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.104.29.36
IPs: 10.104.29.36
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.1.2:80,10.244.2.11:80,10.244.1.5:80 + 1 more...
Session Affinity: None
Internal Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
[root@master ~]# curl 10.104.29.36
[root@master ~]# kubectl logs pods/test-68d8574cb-8xjdv
10.244.0.0 - - [29/Mar/2026:03:32:36 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 65 "-" "curl/7.76.1" "-"
10.244.0.0 - - [29/Mar/2026:03:32:42 +0000] "GET /hostname.html HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "curl/7.76.1" "-"
10.244.0.0 - - [29/Mar/2026:03:32:59 +0000] "GET /hostname.html HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "curl/7.76.1" "-"
10.244.0.0 - - [29/Mar/2026:03:33:00 +0000] "GET /hostname.html HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "curl/7.76.1" "-"
#attech
[root@master ~]# kubectl run testpod -it --image busybox
All commands and output from this session will be recorded in container logs, including credentials and sensitive information passed through the command prompt.
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ #
/ # ctrl+pq
/ # Session ended, resume using 'kubectl attach testpod -c testpod -i -t' command when the pod is running
[root@master ~]# kubectl attach pods/testpod -it
All commands and output from this session will be recorded in container logs, including credentials and sensitive information passed through the command prompt.
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ #
/ #
/ #
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it pods/testpod -c testpod -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ #
[root@master ~]# kubectl cp testpod.yml testpod:/ -c testpod
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it pods/testpod -c testpod -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ # ls
bin etc lib proc sys tmp var
dev home lib64 root testpod.yml usr
#扩容
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-68d8574cb-8xjdv 1/1 Running 0 14m
test-68d8574cb-b9p9x 1/1 Running 0 14m
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 14m
test-68d8574cb-xkd56 1/1 Running 0 14m
[root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment test --replicas 6
deployment.apps/test scaled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-68d8574cb-5kbgs 1/1 Running 0 2s
test-68d8574cb-7nnmn 1/1 Running 0 2s
test-68d8574cb-8xjdv 1/1 Running 0 15m
test-68d8574cb-b9p9x 1/1 Running 0 15m
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 15m
test-68d8574cb-xkd56 1/1 Running 0 15m
[root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment test --replicas 1
deployment.apps/test scaled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-68d8574cb-5kbgs 0/1 Completed 0 26s
test-68d8574cb-8xjdv 0/1 Completed 0 15m
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 15m
test-68d8574cb-xkd56 0/1 Completed 0 15m
testpod 1/1 Running 1 (6m54s ago) 8m12s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 15m
testpod 1/1 Running 1 (6m56s ago) 8m14s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 16m app=test,pod-template-hash=68d8574cb
testpod 1/1 Running 1 (7m54s ago) 9m12s run=testpod
[root@master ~]# kubectl label pods testpod name=lee
pod/testpod labeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 17m app=test,pod-template-hash=68d8574cb
testpod 1/1 Running 1 (8m23s ago) 9m41s name=lee,run=testpod
[root@master ~]# kubectl label pods testpod name-
pod/testpod unlabeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
test-68d8574cb-lb9gq 1/1 Running 0 18m app=test,pod-template-hash=68d8574cb
testpod 1/1 Running 1 (9m10s ago) 10m run=testpod
应用
自助式管理pod
[root@master pod]# kubectl run myappv2 --image myapp:v2 --port 80
pod/myappv2 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myappv2 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 8s #创建中
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myappv2 0/1 ErrImagePull 0 20s #镜像拉取失败
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myappv2 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 3m48s #尝试从新拉去镜像
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
myappv2 1/1 Running 0 4m20s
[root@master pod]# kubectl delete pods myappv2
pod "myappv2" deleted from default namespace
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
No resources found in default namespace. 利用控制器管理pod
[root@master pod]# kubectl create deployment webcluster --image myapp:v2 --replicas 1
deployment.apps/webcluster created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get deployments.apps -o wide
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
webcluster 1/1 1 1 14s myapp myapp:v2 app=webcluster
[root@master pod]# kubectl scale deployment webcluster --replicas 2
deployment.apps/webcluster scaled
[root@master pod]# kubectl scale deployment webcluster --replicas 1
[root@master pod]# kubectl label pods webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-jsjws app-
pod/webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-jsjws unlabeled
[root@master pod]# kubectl label pods webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-jsjws app=webcluster
pod/webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-jsjws labeled
#暴漏控制器（设定访问pod的vip）
[root@master pod]# kubectl expose deployment webcluster --port 80 --target-port 80
[root@master pod]# kubectl describe svc webcluster | tail -n 10
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.98.36.168
IPs: 10.98.36.168
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.1.12:80
Session Affinity: None
Internal Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
[root@master pod]# curl 10.98.36.168
Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
#如果curl不能使用
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl exec -it webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-4z5fn -- /bin/sh
/ # wget -O- localhost:80
Connecting to localhost:80 (127.0.0.1:80)
Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
- 100% |*******************************************************| 65 0:00:00 ETA
#更新版本
[root@master pod]# kubectl set image deployments webcluster myapp=myapp:v1
deployment.apps/webcluster image updated
[root@master pod]# curl 10.98.36.168
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
#如果curl不能使用
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl exec -it webcluster-77c87d9946-p866r -- bin/sh
/ # wget -O- localhost:80
Connecting to localhost:80 (127.0.0.1:80)
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
- 100% |*******************************************************| 65 0:00:00 ETA
[root@master pod]# kubectl rollout history deployment webcluster
deployment.apps/webcluster
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
1 <none>
2 <none>
[root@master pod]# kubectl rollout undo deployment webcluster --to-revision 1
deployment.apps/webcluster rolled back
[root@master pod]# curl 10.98.36.168
Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
利用yaml文件部署应用
运行单个容器
#运行单个容器
[root@master pod]# kubectl run lee1 --image myapp:v1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > 1test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 1test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
name: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 1test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 1/1 Running 0 2s
[root@master pod]# kubectl describe pods
Name: lee1
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Service Account: default
Node: node2/172.25.254.20
Start Time: Sun, 29 Mar 2026 15:15:50 +0800
Labels: run=lee1
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 10.244.2.23
IPs:
IP: 10.244.2.23
Containers:
myappv1:
Container ID: docker://3b8b569e18a5d8dcfa55fe7fb6b3abecde985e38ea1eaf72e5c5f160e638ca42
Image: myapp:v1
Image ID: docker-pullable://myapp@sha256:9eeca44ba2d410e54fccc54cbe9c021802aa8b9836a0bcf3d3229354e4c8870e
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Sun, 29 Mar 2026 15:15:50 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-x26c2 (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
PodReadyToStartContainers True
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
kube-api-access-x26c2:
Type: Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
TokenExpirationSeconds: 3607
ConfigMapName: kube-root-ca.crt
Optional: false
DownwardAPI: true
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 16s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/lee1 to node2
Normal Pulled 16s kubelet spec.containers{myappv1}: Container image "myapp:v1" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod
Normal Created 16s kubelet spec.containers{myappv1}: Container created
Normal Started 16s kubelet spec.containers{myappv1}: Container started
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 1/1 Running 0 78s
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
lee1 1/1 Running 0 82s 10.244.2.23 node2 <none> <none>
[root@master pod]# kubectl delete -f 1test.yml
pod "lee1" deleted from default namespace
运行多个容器
[root@master pod]# cp 1test.yml 2test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 2test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
- image: busybox:latest
name: busybox
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- sleep 20000
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 2test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 2/2 Running 0 4s
[root@master pod]# kubectl delete -f 2test.yml --force理解pod间的网络整合
[root@master pod]# cp 2test.yml 3test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 3test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
- image: busyboxplus:latest
name: busybox
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- sleep 20000
root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 3test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 2/2 Running 0 17s
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/lee1 -c busybox -- /bin/sh
[ root@lee1:/ ]$ curl localhost
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
端口映射
[root@master pod]# cp 1test.yml 4test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 4test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
ports:
- name: webport
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 80
protocol: TCP
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 4test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
lee1 1/1 Running 0 7s 10.244.2.31 node2 <none> <none>
[root@master pod]# curl 172.25.254.20
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
选择运行节点
[root@master pod]# cp 4test.yml 5test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 5test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/hostname: k8s-web1
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
ports:
- containerPort: 80
- image: busybox:latest
name: busybox
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- sleep 3600
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 5test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
lee1 1/1 Running 0 5s 10.244.1.14 node1 <none> <none>
共享宿主机网络
root@master pod]# cp 5test.yml 6test.yml
[root@master pod]# vim 6test.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/hostname: k8s-web1
containers:
- image: busybox:latest
name: busybox
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- sleep 1000
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f 6test.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/lee1 -c busybox -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ # ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:67:23:76 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.254.10/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::7a35:2bf3:8ff4:9419/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
link/ether 3a:0c:33:9f:d9:36 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue
link/ether 06:c7:70:fe:6f:e6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.1.0/32 scope global flannel.1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::4c7:70ff:fefe:6fe6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: cni0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000
link/ether 7a:22:fc:84:3f:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.1.1/24 brd 10.244.1.255 scope global cni0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::7822:fcff:fe84:3fe2/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ #
pod的生命周期
init 容器
[root@master pod]# cp 1test.yml init.yml
[root@master pod]# vim init.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
run: lee1
name: lee1
spec:
initContainers:
- name: init-myservice
image: busybox
command: ["sh","-c","until test -e /testfile;do echo wating for myservice; sleep 2;done"]
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myappv1
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f init.yml
pod/lee1 created
[root@master pod]# watch -n 1 kubectl get pods #监控命令
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 0/1 Init:0/1 0 3s
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/lee1 -c init-myservice -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ #
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/lee1 -c init-myservice -- /bin/sh
/ #
/ # touch /testfile
/ # command terminated with exit code 137
[root@master pod]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
lee1 1/1 Running 0 2m32s
livenessprobe（存活探针）
[root@master pod]# kubectl create deployment webcluster --image myapp:v1 --replicas 1 --
[root@master pod]# kubectl create deployment webcluster --image myapp:v1 --replicas 1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > liveness.yml
[root@master pod]# kubectl expose deployment webcluster --port 80 --target-port 80 --dry-run=client -o yaml >> liveness.yml
[root@master pod]# kubectl delete -f liveness.yml
deployment.apps "webcluster" deleted from default namespace
Error from server (NotFound): error when deleting "liveness.yml": services "webcluster" not found
[root@master pod]# vim ReadinessProbe.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /test.html
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 1
periodSeconds: 3
timeoutSeconds: 1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: webcluster
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f liveness.yml
deployment.apps/webcluster created
service/webcluster created
#测试liveness
[root@master pod]# watch -n 1 "kubectl get pods ;kubectl describe svc webcluster | tail -n 10"
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
webcluster-584fddd575-4ttz9 1/1 Running 3 (2s ago) 92s
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.105.47.234
IPs: 10.105.47.234
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.2.36:80
Session Affinity: None
Internal Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/webcluster-7fd94cc55b-pgdx6 -c myapp -- /bin/sh
/ # nginx -s stop
2026/03/29 08:50:02 [notice] 59#59: signal process started
/ # command terminated with exit code 137
ReadinessProbesss
[root@master pod]# cp liveness.yml ReadinessProbe.yml
[root@master pod]# vim ReadinessProbe.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /test.html
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 1
periodSeconds: 3
timeoutSeconds: 1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: webcluster
[root@master pod]# kubectl apply -f ReadinessProbe.yml
deployment.apps/webcluster configured
service/webcluster unchanged
#监控
[root@master pod]# watch -n 1 "kubectl get pods ;kubectl describe svc webcluster | tail -n 10"
6
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
webcluster-6bc85dfc84-zk4mn 0/1 Running 0 7s
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.107.142.60
IPs: 10.107.142.60
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints:
Session Affinity: None
Internal Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
[root@master pod]# kubectl exec -it pods/webcluster-6bc85dfc84-zk4mn -c myapp -- /bin/sh
/ # echo hjw > /usr/share/nginx/html/test.html
/ # rm -fr /usr/share/nginx/html/test.html
/ # echo hjw > /usr/share/nginx/html/test.html
/ #
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