1. TCP数据通讯

服务端：

import socket

host = '192.168.33.1'  # 服务端IP地址
prot = 8080     # 设置端口号（可任意）

server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # 创建套接字
server_socket.bind((host, prot))     # 将地址（主机名、端口号）绑定到套接字上
server_socket.listen(5)      # 设置并启动TCP监听器，参数5是在连接被转接或拒绝之前，传入连接请求的最大数连接队列最大值。
print("等待客户端连接...")

client_socket, address = server_socket.accept()     # 被动接受TCP客户端连接，持续等待直到连接到达（阻塞等待）。
print("连接来自: %s:%s" % address)      # 显示请求连接的客户端的地址

while True:
    data = client_socket.recv(1024)     # 接受客户端发来的数据
    if not data:
        print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)
        break
    print("接收到来自%s:%s的消息:" % address)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))
server_socket.close()     # 退出服务器端

客户端：

import socket
import time

host = '192.168.33.1'  # 服务端IP地址
prot = 8080     # 服务端端口号
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # 创建套接字
# client_socket.bind((host, 9990))    # 客户端配置自己从哪一个端口访问服务端，9990可任意
client_socket.connect((host, prot))   # 客户端向服务端发起连接
data = client_socket.recv(1024)    # 接受数据
print(data.decode(('utf-8')))   #显示数据

while True :
    client_socket.send(b'Connection successful.')  # 发送消息
    time.sleep(2)   # 等待2秒

client_socket.close()     # 退出客户器端

2. socket 客户端断开，服务端依然保持监听

服务端采用try...except ..形式，代码如下：

import socket

host = '192.168.33.1'  # 服务端IP地址
prot = 8080     # 设置端口号（可任意）

server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # 创建套接字
server_socket.bind((host, prot))     # 将地址（主机名、端口号）绑定到套接字上
server_socket.listen(5)      # 设置并启动TCP监听器，参数5是在连接被转接或拒绝之前，传入连接请求的最大数连接队列最大值。
print("等待客户端连接...")

while True:
    try:
        client_socket, address = server_socket.accept()     # 被动接受TCP客户端连接，持续等待直到连接到达（阻塞等待）。
        print("连接来自: %s:%s" % address)      # 显示请求连接的客户端的地址
        while True:
            data = client_socket.recv(1024)     # 接受客户端发来的数据
            if not data:
                print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)
                break
            print("接收到来自%s:%s的消息:" % address)
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
    except ConnectionResetError:
        print("客户端 %s:%s异常断开连接" % address)
        continue
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("服务器关闭")
        break

server_socket.close()     # 退出服务器端

3. 用threading 模块Thread 类，加入多线程，修改服务端如下：

import socket
import threading
import time

host = '192.168.33.1' 
prot = 8080    

def tcplink():
    num = 1
    server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 
    server_socket.bind((host, prot))   
    server_socket.listen(5)     
    print("等待客户端连接...")
    while True:
        try:
            client_socket, address = server_socket.accept()     
            print("连接来自: %s:%s" % address)   
            client_socket.send(b'welcome') 
            time.sleep(2)   
            while True:
                data = client_socket.recv(1024)    
                if not data:
                    print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)
                    break
                # client_socket.send(data)
                print("接收到来自%s:%s的消息:" % address)
                print(data.decode('utf-8'))
        except ConnectionResetError:
            print("客户端 %s:%s异常断开连接" % address)
            continue
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("服务器关闭")
            break
    server_socket.close()    
    print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = threading.Thread(target=tcplink)
    t.start()

4. 一个服务端配备多个客户端，修改服务端如下：

import socket
import threading
import time

host = '192.168.33.1' 
prot = 8080    

def tcplink_recv(client_socket,address):
    while True:
        try:
            data = client_socket.recv(1024)    
            if not data:
                print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)
                break
            # client_socket.send(data)
            print("接收到来自%s:%s的消息:" % address)
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
        except :
            print("客户端 %s:%s异常断开连接" % address)
            break

def tcplink():
    server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 
    server_socket.bind((host, prot))   
    server_socket.listen(5)     
    print("等待客户端连接...")
    while True:
        try:
            client_socket, address = server_socket.accept()     
            print("连接来自: %s:%s" % address)   
            client_socket.send(b'welcome')    
            t = threading.Thread(target=tcplink_recv,args=(client_socket, address))
            t.start()
            time.sleep(2)
        except ConnectionResetError:
            print("客户端 %s:%s异常断开连接" % address)
            continue
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("服务器关闭")
            break
    server_socket.close()    
    print("客户端%s:%s断开连接" % address)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = threading.Thread(target=tcplink)
    t.start()

5. 客户端发送数组或者字典时，需要对数据转码，采用json模块，修改客户端代码如下：

import socket
import time
import json 

host = '192.168.33.1'  # 服务端IP地址
prot = 8080     # 服务端端口号
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 
# client_socket.bind((host, 9990))    
client_socket.connect((host, prot))  
data = client_socket.recv(1024)  
print(data.decode(('utf-8'))) 

list = [1,1,1]
# list = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'}

while True :
    list_json = json.dumps(list)   # 转码
    client_socket.send(bytes(list_json.encode('utf-8')))  # socket发送的数据类型是字节
    time.sleep(2)   
    
client_socket.close()